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MOZAMBIQUE IMPROVES IN GOVERNANCE INDICATORS
(26/06/2008)
Maputo, 25 Jun (AIM) – Mozambique is slowly improving its ranking in the World Bank's governance indicators.
The set of indicators chosen by the Bank includes political stability and the sbsence (or otherwise) of violence, voice and accountability, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, the rule of law, and control of corruption.
The Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) cover 212 countries and territories. The latest version, the seventh, referring to 2007, was published on Tuesday. According to a World Bank release, it draws on "35 different data sources to capture the views of tens of thousands of survey respondents worldwide, as well as thousands of experts in the private, NGO, and public sectors". The Bank claims the study provides "the most comprehensive cross-country set of governance indicators currently available".
Countries are scored between zero and 100 on each of the indicators. A comparison between the indicators for 1998, 2003 and 2007 show that Mozambique has improved in four out of the six indicators.
Mozambique's best score is for political stability, rising from 45.7 in 1998 to 49.5 in 2003 to 57.2 in 2007. The World Bank researchers regarded Mozambique as more stable than the United States, which only scored 56.
Of the countries of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), only Namibia which scores 79, Botswana (78) and Mauritius (71.6) are regarded as more stable than Mozambique. South Africa scores 51, Zambia 54, Tanzania and Madagascar a disappointing 40, Angola 25, Zimbabwe a miserable 12, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo a catastrophic 2.
Some countries, where government has collapsed, or is propped up by foreign troops, score zero. Such are the cases of Somalia and Iraq. At the other end of the scale, Iceland is the most stable country on earth with a score of 100, closely followed by Finland on 99.
When it comes to the rule of law, Mozambique has improved, but not by very much. The country's score rose from 20 in 1998, to 26.7 in 2003 and 29 in 2007. There is a similar trend of slow improvement in the fight against corruption, with Mozambique's score climbing from 25.7 t0 30.1 to 35.3 in the three years under consideration.
Most SADC members score better than Mozambique in these two indicators – but Mozambique is not in the category of the truly lawless and corrupt states. That dishonour in the SADC region falls to Angola (6 for control of corruption and 7 for the rule of law), Zimbabwe (4 and 2) and the DRC (4 and 1).
As one might expect, it is western Europe, North America, Australia, New Zealand and Japan who score best on both these indicators. Apparently the World Bank believes that there is no corruption at all in Iceland or Finland, since both these countries achieved the perfect score of 100.
As for the voice and accountability indicator, Mozambique rose slipped from 45.2 in 1998 to 44.7 in 2003, before rising again to 47.1 in 2007.
But in two indicators, Mozambique lost ground. Its score for government effectiveness fell sharply from 56.4 in 1998 to 37.4 in 2003, and then rose to 40.3 in 2007. This result is peculiar, since there is no doubt that the government is much better organised now than it was in 1998 (for example, it was only in 1998 that the first municipal governments came into existence, with the country's first local elections). Possibly the 1998 score was too high based on an insufficient number of sources (only five, compared to 14 for 2007).
Regulatory quality improved from 36.6 to 38.5 between 1998 and 2003, but then slipped back to 31.6.
(AIM)
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